Peppol Terminology
A reference guide to key terms, identifiers, and concepts used across the Peppol e-invoicing network.
Network model
C1
Sender
→
C2
Sender's
Access Point
Access Point
→
C3
Receiver's
Access Point
Access Point
→
C4
Receiver
→
C5
Government
copy*
copy*
*C5 (government clearance copy) is required in Belgium, Slovakia, and UAE mandate frameworks. ECGrid handles C5 routing where applicable.
Core concepts
Peppol
Pan-European Public Procurement Online. A global network and set of standards for exchanging electronic business documents — primarily invoices — between organizations and governments.
Access Point
A certified service that sends and receives Peppol documents on behalf of participants. Handles security, certificate management, and routing to and from other Access Points.
✓ ECGrid is a certified Peppol Access Point
Peppol Authority
The governing bodies responsible for the Peppol network at international and country level.
- OpenPeppol — International governing body
- Peppol Authorities — Country-level governing bodies (e.g. DGFiP in France, Financial Directorate in Slovakia, MOF in UAE)
Directory and routing
SMP — Service Metadata Publisher
A directory that tells the network which document types a participant supports and which Access Point to use — the phone book for Peppol. Participants register their endpoints here.
SML — Service Metadata Locator
A central DNS-based lookup service that points to the correct SMP for a given participant. Customers do not interact with the SML directly — only Access Points do.
Endpoint
A logical destination defined by the Peppol Participant ID combined with a specific Document Type ID. Each endpoint tells the network exactly where to deliver a particular document type.
Standards and formats
Peppol BIS — Business Interoperability Specifications
Peppol standards that define which data fields are mandatory, the applicable business rules, and the validation logic that every compliant document must pass.
- Peppol BIS — Rules
- Peppol UBL — Structure
UBL XML — Universal Business Language
The XML syntax used by most Peppol documents. UBL defines the structural format — the tags, fields, and hierarchy — while Peppol BIS defines the rules applied to that structure.
AS4 — Secure messaging protocol
The transport protocol used by Peppol for all document exchange. Includes encryption, digital signatures, and reliable delivery confirmation between Access Points.
Identifiers
Document Type ID
Identifies the specific document being sent. Used in routing and validation to ensure the correct rules and schema are applied.
urn:peppol.eu:bis:peppol31a:invoice:3
Customization ID
Specifies the Peppol profile and version being used. Critical for correct validation — mismatched Customization IDs are a common source of processing errors.
Participants and validation
Sender / Receiver
Both the sending and receiving parties must be registered Peppol participants using certified Access Points. A business cannot send or receive Peppol documents without an Access Point.
Validation
The process of checking a document against the XML schema, Peppol BIS business rules, and any country-specific requirements before delivery. Documents that fail validation are rejected before transmission.
Common document types
Documents that can be exchanged over the Peppol network:
Invoicemost commonCredit NoteOrderOrder ResponseDespatch Advice (ASN)Catalog
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